Two-sided relief with portrait of a pharaoh
and two heads

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Date: 664-30 B.C. (Late Period [Dynasties 26-31] to Ptolemaic Period)
Medium: limestone
Provenance: Egypt
Dimensions: height 9”, width 9 3/16”
Accession number: 41-44

Condition: fair. The side with the single portrait is in excellent condition. Much of its two top corners and a little of the lower corner on our left are missing; the ruler’s shoulder has been damaged slightly. Figures on the badly battered reverse side are poorly preserved.

Description. The front half of the portrait of a king (and his left shoulder) lies before a large, uncut ledge. The king’s almond-shaped eye points down slightly and his brow is raised. The corners of his lips are turned up. Despite his smooth, youthful skin, his double chin indicates middle age. He apparently wears a nemes (unfinished) whose uraeus has a single coil. The three faint ink inscriptions in demotic name Pasherpamut, Udjaefsahor, and Chaienimu (see Function). The relief’s reverse side is upside-down. It has two shoulder-length figures: a man whose right shoulder is turned to the viewer and whose head is in profile; a woman behind him whose head is in profile and left shoulder is in frontal view.

Dating and identity. Spanel (1988, 128) dated the pharaonic portrait to the Late or Ptolemaic Period (664-332 B.C.; 305-30 B.C.); in 1968 Bothmer suggested that it probably portrayed Ptolemy II. The idealized features and nemes with uraeus do not help in dating.

Function. Spanel (1988, 128) suggested that the reverse was an artist’s practice piece and that the male may be a statue of a god (Ptah?). When the corners of the piece broke, the artist turned the relief over and carved the image of the pharaoh for a dedication in a temple. The demotic inscription seems to name the donors. Sculptors’ work pieces and votives are common (see Relief possibly of Nectanebo I or II; Bothmer 1953; 1987, 76-9; Young).

Published: Wolfgang Helck and Wolfhart Westendorf (eds.), Lexicon der Ägyptologie IV (Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1982), cols. 170, 178 n. 101, s. v. “Modelle” (T. F. Leipsner); Spanel 1988, 128-9. Note also Bernard Bothmer, visit, March 1, 1968.

Other cited sources: Bernard Bothmer in Bernard Bothmer, Pat Getz-Preziosi, Diana Buitron-Oliver, and Andrew Oliver, Jr., Antiquities from the Collection of Christos G. Bastis (Mainz am Rhein: Philipp von Zabern, 1987); Bernard Bothmer, “Ptolemaic Reliefs, IV: A Votive Tablet,” Bulletin of The Museum of Fine Arts 51 (December 1953), 80-4; Eric Young, “Sculptors’ Models or Votives?” Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art n. s. 22 (March 1964), 246-56.       

(RC)

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